How does cytoplasm function

For descriptive purposes, the concept of a "generalized cell" is introduced. It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane , the nucleus , and, between the two, the cytoplasm.

Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles. Every cell in the body is enclosed by a cell Plasma membrane. The cell membrane separates the material outside the cell, extracellular, from the material inside the cell, intracellular. It maintains the integrity of a cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell. All materials within a cell must have access to the cell membrane the cell's boundary for the needed exchange.

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Register Sign In. Cytoplasm is a heterogeneous mixture of both opaque granules and organic compounds. This combination of these two components gives it the colloidal nature to suspend the organelles in the liquid of the cytoplasm in a cell.

Cytoplasm contains many different shapes and sizes of particles in it and holds them in place in the cell. Cytoplasm contains proteins that are 20 to 25 percent soluble, and this includes enzymes.

Carbohydrates, lipids and inorganic salts are particles in cytoplasm. The outermost layer of cytoplasm, the plasmogel, can absorb water or remove it, and it is based on the cells need for liquid. This is called the stomatal guard cell in plants leaves. The chemical composition of cytoplasm is 90 percent water and 10 percent of organic and inorganic compounds that vary in proportions.

Prokaryotic cells belong to organisms such as bacteria, and they do not have a nucleus that is bound inside of the cells. In these types of cells, the cytoplasm is all of the contents of the cell that are bound by the outer cell membrane.

In eukaryotic cells in plants, animals and humans, there is a nucleus, and the cytoplasm surrounding it has three main components of cytosol, organelles and cytoplasmic inclusions. The nucleus of a cell is the command center. It is a structure containing the hereditary information, and its job is to control the growth and reproduction of a cell. The nucleus is the most prominent organelle in all cells. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope which is a double membrane.

It separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm with a double layer of lipids. The envelope maintains the shape of the nucleus and regulates how the molecules flow both in and out of the nucleus through tiny holes called nuclear pores. The nucleus contains the chromosomes of DNA for heredity information and instructions that tell cells when to grow, develop and reproduce through chemical messages with other cells.

The cytosol is the liquid or semi fluid component in cytoplasm on the outside of the nucleus. Organelles perform specific functions in the cell. The cytoskeleton is located in the cytoplasm as fibers that help cells to maintain their shape, and they also provide support for organelles to survive and remain suspended in the liquid. Organelles are tiny structures within a cell that each perform a specific function in the cell.

Some examples of organelles are mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Mitochondria generate power by the conversion of energy forms that the cell can use. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration to generate fuel for the cells' activities from the food a person eats. You need to have energy at the cellular level to have cell division, cell growth and even cell death after division.

Ribosomes are organelles located in the cell that consist of proteins and your DNA. Ribosomes have the important and specific task of assembling all of the proteins in the cells. Ribosomes have a large and a small sub-unit that are synthesized in the nucleolus and then cross over to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in the nuclear membrane. Ribosomes attach to messengers of RNA, and transfer it to the genetic material in proteins.

They also link amino acids together, forming polypeptide chains that are modified and then become functional as proteins. Lysosomes are sacs full of about 50 different enzymes that digest proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

It has a membrane to keep the internal compartment of the lysosome acidic, and it separates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell. Chloroplasts are found in plant cells as an organelle. They store and collect substances that are needed for producing energy.

It has a green pigment of chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis, has its own DNA and reproduces in a process that is similar to binary fission of bacteria.